IN OUR column today, we will briefly share the standard basic principles of professional journalism to help or mitigate the negative effects of fake news and its effects on social and political activities. Together with other sectors, this column has been concerned to do its modest part in the needed effort to prevent the further spread of fake news which may eventually seriously threaten democratic institutions in various nations of the world. As the saying goes, the best way to counter the evil of dishonesty in life is to focus the light of moral principles in the midst of the darkness of deceptions. We also looked back to the past with the saying that “journalism was the first draft of history."
Since history is supposed to deal with the truth, journalism must therefore exist with truth as its bedrock foundation. As a basic principle therefore, people should understand the professional and technical requirements of news gathering, characteristics of news, and types of news stories, the elements of reporting, interviewing and printing of the news. In these aspects, the most important elements are the reality of significant events for people and the most critical element in this principle is the reality of truth. The next basic principle here is the practical aspect of writing the news story which includes the structure and steps in writing the news.
In this connection, readers should understand the various technical features of news stories. The very first technical requirement of news is the use of correct grammar in news writing. This also includes various topics or events of significance in social, economic, political, and other related subjects. Special types of news stories should also be understood and these include news reports on peace and order events, science and technology, various human interest stories, the so-called development communication events and related activities.
More recently, the world has also been experiencing a notable increase in news stories about the environment, criminality based on terrorism, and the popular stories on entertainment, sports, culture and the arts. It cannot be over emphasized that the two most critical factors here are significance and truth in the reporting of the news. It is also necessary to understand special features such as editorials, column writing and relevant business information.
An editorial is a dynamic news article on a timely topic to highlight the significance of different events. They also define terms and issues and provide historical and geographic background. On the other hand, columns are the most personalized of all newspaper writings. They have a personal appeal and authoritative influence for their stimulation of public discussion on current affairs.
A related news article is the interview which is a question and answer session for journalists to gain information directly from persons with authority on relevant happenings. Development communication is also a special news feature on significant events for the welfare of the community.
On the whole therefore, the people should realize that journalism is a historic service to humankind and therefore any threats of misreporting or twisting the truth for malicious purposes must be prevented or exposed. As writer and researcher, I am greatly indebted to many valuable sources this column has gained from many other colleagues in these valuable profession.