The Department of Health (DOH) Central Luzon has warned the public against influenza-like illnesses or ILI and leptospirosis amid rains and floods.
The agency said that residents, especially those in low-lying areas, should take precautions against the two diseases that are prevalent during the rainy season.
The DOH Central Luzon Center for Health Development said that influenza is a contagious respiratory infection caused by viruses type A, B, or C that can lead to severe illness in high-risk groups.
"Flu cases usually peak from July to October. Common symptoms include fever, fatigue, sore throat, headache, body aches, runny nose, and in some cases, vomiting and diarrhea, especially among children," the agency said.
To prevent the spread of ILI, the public is advised to avoid crowded places, stay home when sick, minimize contact with individuals who have influenza, and get an annual flu vaccine between April to June.
Initial management of the illness includes rest, hydration, nutritious food, and early use of antiviral medication like oseltamivir within 48 hours of symptom onset.
The agency also warned the public against leptospirosis by recognizing its symptoms early, practicing prevention, and taking the appropriate medication when necessary.
Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection caused by Leptospira, which is commonly found in the urine of rats. The disease is typically transmitted when flood water contaminated with animal urine enters the body through skin wounds or cracks.
Symptoms of leptospirosis may start with fever, muscle pain, diarrhea, vomiting, headache, red eyes, and rashes. The DOH stressed that severe cases may lead to complications such as kidney damage, liver failure, meningitis, or difficulty in breathing.
To prevent infection, the public is advised to dispose garbage to control rat populations, avoid wading in floodwaters, wear protective boots, and others.
The agency said it is important to visit a health facility when symptoms appear.